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مدونة وسام فؤاد
مدونة وسام فؤاد
ما بعد التدوين.. الإنترنت ما بعد التفاعلية وفرص تجديد الإعلام المنتمي
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What the recording become far. The Internet what the interactivity and opportunities renewal of the information become far the belonging
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
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Study written by: Medal of Fouad

lacs understands the development who will result him the Internet on the information the belonging in the frame of perceptive; To shows for us from that their shreds direction development of the Internet himself, corroded becomes easy for us to essence introduces the impact raved and despotic his. Perhaps of which helps us on perceptive builder of elements this study that between [DHhraanynaa] today some her deed who be possible from him [aastmdaad] informational scenarios of the work futuristic. Fulfilled the frame raved takes first developments brown underneath, then secondly metrical her collapses in new domain the information, and seals the part raved second in phenomenon what the recording become far; He the perceptive distance who this paper tries his drawing of features in approximate image.


Firstly: The underneath structure for the Internet developed:

The fast Internet mean of communication considers growth in date human. So in when the radio to 38 year for the occurrence on 50 million employee needed to meeting of programs his, the television to 13 year for the arrival to Issue needed himself, while television needed [aalkaablaat] to 10 years. As for net of the Internet so 5 years for the arrival does not protest apart from to to that Issue, and less from 10 years for the arrival to 500 million employee (1). The Internet in this times expands for altogether from the changes needs with her for the concise acquaintance on her journey then direction developed her and the new concepts which her future frames.

['a] - ['iTlaalt] on development of the Internet: In year 1969, and after retinal exit the composition from scientist [aalbntaajwn] the defenses military, toxicity was complete status first of four points communication for net ['arbaanyt] in sites in several comprehensive selected American carefully, corroded year was complete in 1972 measure first general offer for net ['arbaanyt] in conference in the capital American Washington, and as to entitled “the scientist wants to continues”, harmful our in raising of the cover about this method new from methods the communication and the information. Breath fulfilled general progress of flags [twmlns] in electronic invention the mail for office [braa'aat] the invention to sending first of letter straightens in on ['arbaanyt]. Before to year 1973 elapses was all from the united Norwegian and the kingdom that net joined to. Year 1974 fulfilled, spreading details of protocol of the control was complete by removing TCP; Weak one technological which future of the Internet will determine later on. The matters calm down little year 1977 corroded; Where company produced “Digital ['ikwybmnt]” site “Internet” relative to her to exceeds thereby first company of computer straightens virgin your the step. Fulfilled first of January general blessing 1983, protocol became TCP/IP normative protocols for net ['arbaanyt]. The year fulfilled who followed that direct (1984) worldwide organization the flags American took NSF on her shoulder responsibility “['arbaanyt]”, the adequate year raved presentation regime of giving of names for connected devices of the computer in the net was complete, and poisoned DNS or Domain Name System. After general - in 1986 - organization of the flags established worldwide NSF her fast net NSFNET, adequate breath general back protocol of transfer of the news retinal NNTP [jaae'laa] interactive clubs of the discussion direct possible matters, the adequate year raved builder first of wall of protection for Internet before company was complete “Digital ['ikwybmnt]”. وآذن عام 1990 بإغلاق شبكة أربانيت، وتولت شبكة إنترنيت الأكثر شعبية مهمة تحقيق التواصل بدلا منها. Year 1991 fulfilled presented comprehensive American Minnesota program “[jwfr] GOPHER” who undertakes in important retrieval of the information from the devices the servant in the Internet (2). Then founded stature the researches physical worldwide CERN in the 1992 in Switzerland in presentation of code connected text Hyper Text, and he regime of the coding the programmer who the practical development for the worldwide net afflicted to WWW, and delicious my started with him operation spreading of the sites takes the form many operation and economic. Then year 1993 came who production of the releasing witnessed first of “[mwzaayyk] Mosaic” the cross net worldwide, and leads followed him last identicals Netscape [w]Explorer and your lowness for facilitation of the sailing across the Internet. Year fulfilled 1995 observation observed conversion growth of the Internet to explosion, where servant became number of the devices the connected servant in the Internet relationship six million device and fifty thousand net in all aspects the scientist. Year 1996 fulfilled the scientist started permanent form in net of the Internet connects in; The service started intervention of the vines Arabic (3).

This lines which beginning series of development of the Internet idealizes not apart from one of rings of development of the ironing poisoned World Wide Web: WWW, or known smiling shortness The Web or [aalwyb] (4). The acquaintance needs after on him to image meets in most density on that terms new which the futuristic frame for the Internet controlled; At least in the visible period. This regenerative concepts take while follows, starting from what the interactivity become far oasis Web 3.0.

In - what the interactivity become far: What the interactivity become far Post Interactivity conventional concept - his deed the researcher in study is previous, and he term describes summary of that stages new which and persisted to her net of the Internet since year 2006; Dependency on what added him to her technicalities Web 2.0 [w]Web 3.0, and indeed her signs were started beginning of the millenium crystallizes with third. Term “what the interactivity become far” through the direct evidence for him his plateau means surpassing of that stage “interactive” from stages of the Internet, and which mentioned - as term - for the first time in year 1954, in book and for land [shraam]: Mass operation the communication and her impacts, then in study of McMillan [wdaawnz] McMillan&Downes in 1999, and which ended until the goal from the communication he the exchange and the information. ['ilx]. Term “what the interactivity become far” his term of deed the researcher in domain is the sociological Internet handsome Fouad; Crossing in him about direction of the Internet for new stage in relationship [mrtaadyhaa] and her visitors in her content and published on pages her (5).

So middle of the contract corroded first of the century sharp and the twenty, was [mrtaadw] the Internet divides marginal what between producer for content the Internet and in consumed yen consequently the content. The relationship was what between producer of the substance [wmtSfHhaa] or her consumer straightens on limited continuity through group from the instruments the connecting primitiveness as mails generality of the sites or what rises: [aalwyb] [maastr], or through the mail [aal'ilyktrwny] for pages of the sites indeed finder, or through the mail [aal'ilyktrwny] for the produced substance indeed allowed, and as you some sites replaces raved all him through seated saving of statements to repeated collecting the nutrition around her products [aalmbthwtht] on the Internet. This instruments does not stay that lost efficient her because of maltreating of use her and her congestion in the letters other than desirable in her. In last meaning; The informational flow across the Internet was philosophy of the flow in mono direction straightens on One to Many: Blessing produced to [aalmtSfH] in informational form of communication and pure commentary, already some times for dialogue across forum develop in ['ilyktrwny] orbit controls in him possessing his. Rare shortage from the sites was assimilation of exclusion from this Al-Qaeda.

Starting from last general 2005, interior of the Internet is new stage be possible in her for each [mtSfHy] the Internet that is similar to the sender substance informational and received her in time, any that the Internet as a means of informational expressing about flow became the informational content in directions or that he flow became the numerous directions Many to Many. فبفضل التطور التقني، وترجمته في وسائل مثل الخادمات/السيرفرات الضخمة، وقواعد البيانات المتطورة، وتقدم تطبيقات الويب، بفضل هذا كله أصبحنا نجد مواقع تتيح لزوار الإنترنت ومتصفحيها تكوين حسابات يمكنهم من خلالها تحميل ملفات الفيديو والصوت والصورة والنصوص على ما يشبه مواقع محدودة تخصهم، وأن يتحكموا فيمن بإمكانه مشاهدة هذا المحتوى بدءا من التعامل والتداول الخاص جدا لدرجة الفردية وحتى التداول العام المفتوح للجميع.

The striking in the respect raved that this services is progress spit out us. Just as that she emptiness from the supervision to far border became. Instead of the forums [aal'ilyktrwnyt] [aalmdaart], and the postal groups the limited efficiency, and the free sites satiated in the advertisements which imposes her the sites the saver for the service, instead of raved all him the corpuses and sites of the video and sites albums of the masts and present groups of the continuity found the Internet invades.

In spite of drop cost of establishing of the sites, and sight for some shackles which operation establishing of the sites returns on, found [mtSfHy] the Internet prefers the conscious resorting for this services free for saving in what be interested in him from cases across what presents him from the produced means numerous their cases support which ranges what between serious exceptional oasis associated in purpose the entertainment. The striking that [mtSfHy] the Arabic Internet in special this services for saving of degree resorted to blessing conscious in cases their political which mass mediums received from [bmaa] [fy] her in her sites of the Internet different degrees from the blackout.

That case which the interactivity in favor of exceeded the direct participation from [mtSfHy] the Internet in production and presentation content of this Internet she will what introduce him today and historic smiling “the Internet what the interactivity become far”. [wyt'ass] the underneath term on group from the developments in the structure raved which will take her while follows. Case becomes strong what the interactivity for the development become far who underneath structure the Internet happened in and who classification for stages be possible his other than successive; Their naming make up on [bwyb] 2.0 [wwyb] 3.0.

1 - the generation second for the Internet Web 2.0: Term indicates Web 2.0 to wandered second pictured from the societies built on basis [aalwyb] and connected services of the hosting in her, in in addition to sites the social netting and sites [aalwyky] (way [wyky] for bases statements of administration of the content) and bases statements of the indexing [aal'ilyktrwnyt] Folksonomies. Philosophy targets Web 2.0 facilitation the practical continuity and the cooperation and the participation in the information between audience the Internet. Already the term became widespread afterwards the conference who organized him concentrated ['awryly] Medium O Reilly Media around Web 2.0 in year 2004. In spite of that the term already inspires that we regarding ['iSdaart] new from World Wide Web, except that the term situation for any update for sides does not indicate in Web the 1.0 technicality, and to changes are to in despotic which straightens in her advanced of the programs and the employed Internet in the dealing with the Internet. So the new essence raved Web 2.0 similar to economic revolution in domain of industry the computer resulted about the sight to the Internet in her consideration starting point Platform - and not in her consideration arena of spreading, and trier understanding of bases of the success in the new starting point raved (6).

Therefore blessing does not promise the possible interview about correlation the Internet [waalmtSfH], yet the new direction became that all computer-based developments observes that division is from her participates.

Indeed philosophy Web 2.0 does not straighten only on considering that the Internet she platform basically and not deposited of spreading, yet neighbors that several last formed for view Web 2.0 important her that the statements she which operation of the renewal leads and in distant new mold the platform; At the time who possesses in her the employee the statements and controls in her, just as that the originality and the renewal inside all bundle is composition and the working sites in her kind from the participation results about intentional between group big from advanced the widespread programs in aspects of the scientist with their characterization in high degree from their the autonomist in work without institutional dependence. Relates hereby the example from examples the work understandable presence simple [llmshrwe'aat] economic Business Models which this movement finances; Straightens that [aalmshrwe'aat] on basis of the use from the content or from the services which her endurance the sites. Just as that this sites depend on group from the programs supplying in her visitors signed in considering her the initial copy turned and which continues initial whatever developed; He what means that employees of this sites need for purchase do not be new any program sufferance effort of the searching about keys followed forged for him. Just as that the programs which uses in the respect raved profit through expansion of range be new her the flag in her outside rotating individual (the economic organizations and the compliance and governmental) (7).

Fulfilled the frame raved be possible to characteristics of the spreading on the Internet indicate to in the frame of Web 2.0 starting from that soul essential in era Web the 2.0 represented in the netting Networking who considers him her essential purpose, since the basis in this era different ties the applications in the net and the permission for employed in use her for deep purposes of the continuity and not only the communication; Weak from important elite of this era. From aspect of second, so indeed the content - whoever King promises for who broadcasted him ['awnlaayn], and be possible for him the modification in characteristics expanded him however wanted. With regard to third, then characteristic democratic which recipient of any content in the taking is easy for with him positive and not only received him, about road of the comment on him or his cash through use of text or in any from the numerous means, or corroded in connecting. From corner fourth plateau that then rise in degree simple and the ease in the dealing with fronts of the programs which relationship runs employed in the Internet, that reliable programs on technicalities is simplistic identicals Ajax and what resembles her (8). ويحاول البعض إضافة التطورات التقنية في مجال الجرافيك، وهذا محتمل كعنصر مكمل، لكنه ليس عنصرا حاسما في بناء فلسفة Web 2.0.

2 - the generation third for the Internet Web 3.0: Back raved the term for the first time in year 2006 in published article in one of active corpuses the experts in area of the Internet: Jeffrey [zyldmaan] in exhibit presentation of monetary view the discussions agitated around Web 2.0 and technological connected in her technological identicals ['ajaaks] the pointed to her beforehand (9).

The digital forum in the Korean capital fulfilled floods, and who May complicated in 2007, request of the attendance from the executive manager the official in company [jwjl]: Eric [shmydt] to the differences clarify between Web 2.0 [w]Web 3.0, and as you his answer while hangs in poisoned Web 3.0 that she new method for constructive applications of the computer, and that he sees that Web 3.0 indeed she to group from the accumulated applications in the frame of one, carrying group from the characteristics representing in the smallness genealogical for size this applications, and able provided that [tntSb] and any environment works in ['ilyktrwnyt]: As the computer or the telephone the mobile or the personal assistants digital PDA, and formation at the same time ultra-fast and accepting for the conditioning her operated desire reconciled, reliable in distribution her and her marketing as produced on increase conscious in her and the spread through connection the different nets present on the Internet; Of which the need for storing and her denies her purchase, and new example raved to circulating programs of the computer Different Application Model. Above raved all him this programs upholstered roaming of the statements contains who pouring occurs his in her (10).

Writings fulfilled changed him from expert, plateau that word Web 3.0 assimilation term releases for description of development different towards use [aalwyb] and her the interaction in frame on different levels, on headed her operation of conversion WWW to base statements of huge, and your hill not apart from step in direction profound glorification power of the computer-based applications different and the produced intelligence industrial on the arrival for the content the abundance on the Internet, and delicious my arrives saved him for degree of fluidity which ease of the arrival for content obstructs this specific characteristics. The addition raved in for what at that from marketing possibilities high (11). Considers the some their blessing that the sites which technicality of the distances depends triple identicals Second Life [w]Virtual Realm [w]Disney s Toontown [w]Virtual Ibiza and changes her from the sites pursuit of this era from [aalwyb].

Important faction sees from expert that Web 3.0 she new generation in understandable nature of the content and not in understandable nature technological. Fulfilled the frame raved Alex goes ['iyskwld] until Internet includes today amount from the information and the statements his surpassing in size possibility of the measuring [baalmyjaabaayt] or [aaljyjaabaayt] to measure affords in [aaltyraabaayt], and he what the valuable information made different coding and her languages about computers hides in her the employed net. Sees that Web 3.0 as direction from directions [aalwyb] intelligent Semantic Web capable of change this truth, since the big sites formation to that sites which services present [aalwyb], will and be capable of extraction the valuable information [aalmxtby't] inside Internet and spreading her on the scientist. Alex sees that the conversion in performance the sites and her nature of content will be in one of directions. Where sees that some sites will walk in the direction who idealizes him sites example signed of Amazon Amazon or site [dylyshs] Del.icio.us or site so to attacks Flickr where her visitors grant different services technicality reconciled REST API (technicality uses language Xml for the dealing with bases the statements and regime of the purchase [aal'ilyktrwny]). Some last sites will try the preservation on ownership her informations; Hit her will make her midwife for the dealing with her about technological road Mashups (weak technicality straightens on language the information takes from more than seated statements hit her does on accumulated her within instrument of offer one); Her example is sites example of signed past Dapper [aaltswqy], or site [taakylw] Taqelo who considering be possible his organizer of work developed upright on the netting opposite, or some subsidiary pages the characteristic inside site [yaahw] and her blessing [yaahw] [baaybz] Yahoo Pipes and he is site to collecting of the usefulness from the Internet by means of preparations straightens in her the participant in site [yaahw]. Those roads will make from the dispersed information on the Internet last image from the offered information in methodical image tenacious; Leveler of the road towards metrical [Hwsbt] most intelligence (12). Raved what sees him the big values expressed about truth Web 3.0.

[j] - [aal'infwmydyaa] and the informational approach: Since middle the ninety and the experts speaks about revolution of the communications and the informatics, and was the all the Internet from edge looks for hidden in considering her friend of the favor in circulation of case the connecting lefts and the genealogical abundance the informatics which was then. With development of the Internet the people started the new information speaks about [wdlaalaath] and his collapses on live our. The day exceeds in case [aal'infwmydyaa] those figurative eras to new era enters to happens in her accelerated approach in strong image in underneath domain the structure for means of communication. The matter does not promise if pure development of the Internet from the text to [aalmaaltymydyaa], moving from of the deported information unidirectional to the interactive information followed this directions and in use instruments of the roadsign and the image, yet became connecting liquidity speaks about in all what means him word of liquidity from meaning, prohibitive your about what means him computer-based abundance raved from (13).

قوام المرحلة التي نعيشها اليوم أنه لم تعد ثمة فوارق بين وسائل الإعلام ووسائل الاتصال. Does not promise then evident separation means of communication. As for identification methods of the information and the communication so returns until the television is stridulous uses [lldrdsht] and the communication, and he what the interactive television introduces in. On the contrary the stridulous telephone uses as a means of informational across letters [aalmaaltymydyaa] and the television served the mobile who Gaza his applications the scientist. غير أن ذلك رهن بالجيل الثالث من أجهزة الهاتف النقال (14).

وأما عن الخاصية الثانية للإنفوميديا فيرى الباحث وسام فؤاد أن قوامها عدم انفصال وسائل الاتصال/الإعلام أو انقطاعها عن بعضها. فالحاسوب اليوم يتصل بمنتهى اليسر بالتليفزيون والراديو والهاتف النقال والإنترنت. والتليفزيون به إمكانات التواصل مع الإنترنت، ويمكن تلاقي الناس عبره مع بعضهم حتى لو كان بعضهم يستخدم الإنترنت، أو يستخدم الهاتف النقال للدردشة النصية. كما يمكن تزويده بخواص الشبكات اللاسلكية المحدودة المغلقة، وبضغطة زر من حاسوبك يمكنك الاتصال بأي حاسوب أو جهاز اتصال أو تليفزيون موجود على سطح الكوكب ضمن خدمة دولية مضمونة بضوابط جودة (15).

ولا يقف الأمر عند هذه الحدود. فهذه الثورة الاتصالية وذلك التقارب بدأ يجد حضوره الإعلامي عبر قنوات تتسم جميعها بارتفاع درجة توفر المعلومات وتيسير بثها والحصول عليها، وارتفاع درجة التنافسية بين الوسائل الإعلامية المهنية وغير المهنية فيما يتعلق بالاقتراب من الحدث وفيما يخص الصدقية. وكل ذلك سنتلمس آثاره في حديثنا عن تداعيات هذه الثورة وذلك التقارب.

و – إطلالة خاصة على المواقع ثلاثية الأبعاد: تكاثرت المواقع التي تعتمد البيئة التقنية ثلاثية الأبعاد؛ متأثرة باتجاه جديد للوجود الافتراضي عبرت عنه حركة تسمى Cyberpunk Literary Movement والمتأثرة بصفة خاصة بتلك الرواية التي أنتجها نيل ستيفنسون المسماة تحطم الجليد Snow Crash والتي ألهمت أكثر من جهة للعمل في مجال المواقع المتخيلة ثلاثية الأبعاد، منها Second Life وDisney s Toontown. وهي ظاهرة تنمو باطراد (16). ويعد موقع Second Life أبرز المواقع المعبرة عن هذه الموجة، وهو ما يبرر الحديث عنه بصورة تعتبره أنموذجا لذلك العالم المتنامي.

إن تلك الإمبراطورية المسماة Second Life لا تعدو أن تكون عالما متخيلا تفاعليا مبنيا على تطبيقات الإنترنت، وقد طورته شركة ليندون لاب Linden Research, Inc وأطلقته في عام 2003، وسلطت وسائل الإعلام الضوء عليه في أواخر عام 2006 مع قيام وكالة رويترز للإعلام بافتتاح مكتب لها هناك بعد أن لاحظت درجة الاهتمام الفعلية به متمثلة في أعداد أعضائه ومقدار ما ينفقون فيه من أموال. وقد كان هدف شركة ليندون لاب أن تقوم بإنتاج بيئة تماثل تلك البيئة التي رسم نيل ستيفنسون ملامحها في روايته التي أشرنا إليها سلفا. تلك البيئة يتحقق الرابط بينها وبين مستخدم الشبكة من خلال برنامج وكيل يوصل المستخدم بالموقع. ويعمل موقع Second Life - وأمثاله من المواقع التخيلية - عن طريق مثل تلك البرامج التي تسمى برامج وكيلة Client Programs يتم تنصيبها في أجهزة الحاسوب؛ فتتيح لمستخدمه دخول هذا العالم، ومن ثم اختيار شكل إنساني كامل يعبر عنه أو عن أحلامه؛ ليبدأ بعدها في ممارسة النشاط الاجتماعي (إعلامي – سياسي – ثقافي – اقتصادي.. إلخ) الذي من أجله دخل هذا العالم، ويقيم شبكة علاقات اجتماعية جديدة قد تحاكي أو تخالف شبكة علاقاته في العالم الحقيقي. ويوجد بهذا الموقع عملة افتراضية تمسى "دولار ليندون"، ويمكن مقايضتها بكل العملات العالمية من الأسواق المختلفة وبخاصة في الأسواق الأمريكية والأوربية التي يمثل سكانها الغالبية الساحقة من المشتركين في Second Life والمقيمين به (17). والطريف أن الأسبوع الأخير من أكتوبر 2007 شهد شراء شبكة CNN مكتبا لها هناك ينتظر افتتاحه بحلول الخامس من نوفمبر 2007 (18).

وينظر البعض لموقع Second Life باعتباره لعبة، لكن تلك التسمية مخادعة. فهذا الموقع ليس به نقاط يجري اكتسابها وليس به أرقام تسجيل المكاسب Scores، وليس به رابحون وخاسرون، وليس مستويات للعب، ولا يتضمن إستراتيجية لعب، ولا يتضمن أي من الخصائص التي تميز مفهوم اللعبة Game بتطبيقاتها ونظرياتها المختلفة (19).

ووفقا لإحصاء موقع Second Life؛ فإن إجمالي المقيمين بعالم Second Life بلغ في 31 أكتوبر 2007، حوالي 10 مليون و600 ألف مقيما، يتواجد منهم على مدار الساعة ما متوسطه 8000 مقيما. وبلغ حجم التعاملات الآنية في هذا الموقع حوالي 3,567,766,213 دولارا ليندونيا، وقد صار لهذه العملة بورصة خاصة على الموقع تتيح البيع والشراء. وهو ما يعكس حجم الإقبال على هذا الموقع وحجم الجدية التي يتمتع بها حضوره اقتصاديا (20).


ثانيا: ما بعد التدوين.. المفهوم والدلالات

مصطلح ما بعد التدوين هو مصطلح صكه الباحث للتعبير عن مرحلة جديدة على صعيدين اثنين، نجملهما تاليا:

أ – هي تعبير عن تطور نوعي حدث في المساحة التعبيرية التي صارت متاحة لكل مستخدمي الإنترنت بعد التطورات التي حدثت في مجال البنية التحتية للإنترنت.

ب – هي أيضا تعبير عن تطور جديد في مجال العمل الإعلامي في علاقته ببيئته الاجتماعية.

ولكي نتعرف على ملامح ما بعد التدوين لابد لنا من الوقوف على طبيعة البيئة الإعلامية التي أنتجتها تلك التطورات في مجال البنية التحتية للإنترنت، وذلك في السطور القادمة.

بداية لابد لنا من التمييز تحليليا ما بين ذلك الشق من الإنترنت المبني على أن الإنترنت وسطا أو بيئة؛ وذلك الشق الذي تكون فيه الإنترنت وسيطا إعلاميا. فقد حدث تطور في كل شق على حده، إلا أن التطورات الأخيرة جعلت الحالة الإعلامية المتخصصة تخلط بين الشقين، فيما يمكن تسميته بتجديد أدوار الوسيط الإعلامي النهائي المسمى بالإنترنت في ثوبها الجديد. فمهما كنا نتحدث عن Web 2.0 أو Web 3.0 فإننا في النهاية نتحدث عن تلك الوسيلة الاتصالية والتواصلية التي تطورت خلال السنوات العشرين الأخيرة من مجرد وسيط نشر متجاوز للحدود وحتى كونه وسيلة تواصل فعالة إلى جانب كونه وسيلة اتصال. وهو ما يرشحها لتكون بيئة الاتصال والتواصل المثلى التي تسعى كل سبل الاتصال أو التواصل لمحاكاة بيئتها والتطور باتجاهها؛ لتصير الإنترنت في النهاية هدف التليفزيون والهاتف الجوال والمساعدات الشخصية بالإضافة للحواسيب بأشكالها المختلفة المحمولة والثابتة.

غير أننا عندما نتعامل مع هذه التغيرات المفاهيمية يصعب علينا أن نفصل في تأثيراتها بين ما تنتجه من تداعيات على صعيد الإنترنت كوسط والإنترنت كوسيط، ومع ذلك؛ فلابد من الوعي بالفارق بين المستويين لأنه سيكون جليا وواضحا في بعض المساحات التي سيشتبك فيها الشقان.

ولا شك في أن التداعيات الحادثة جللة، وأن الإحاطة بها في مقام كهذا المقام وورقة كهذه الورقة سيكون صعبا لا محالة. والعزاء أن تحاول الورقة تقديم ما يقع في منظور القائمين عليها موقع الأهمية الظرفية ذات الأولوية. وفيما يلي نعرض لتداعيات هذه التغيرات.

أ – إعلام متعدد الاتجاهات: سبق وأشرنا إلى أن ما بعد التفاعلية كخاصية لحقبة الإنترنت الجديدة قد نقلت زوار الإنترنت من حقبة استهلاك المحتوى الإعلامي إلى حالة إنتاج هذا المحتوى (22). ويشير تقرير نادي دبي للصحافة إلى أن من أم تلك التغيرات تحول نمط التدفق الإعلامي من نمط تدفق في اتجاه واحد One to Many إلى نمط تدفق متعدد الاتجاهات Many to Many، واعتبره نمطا جديدا يضاف إلى أنماط التوزيع التقليدية، وإلى نمط التوزيع حسب الطلب الذي جرى تقديمه مؤخرا. ويرى التقرير أن نمط التوزيع الجديد يسمح بتوزيع كل من المحتوى المهني (الذي تمثل قضية حقوق الملكية الفكرية قضية حيوية بالنسبة له) بالإضافة إلى ذلك المحتوى الصادر عن المستخدمين والذي يتراوح إنتاجه ما بين النص العفوي وتقنية الفيديو الصادرة عن كاميرا رقمية رخيصة الثمن (23).

وبمعنى آخر، فإن ملايين المدونات؛ بتلك اللغات المتباينة المتعددة، بما تحويه من محتوى نصي أو صوتي أو محتوى فيديو أضيفت لمساحة المحتوى الذي يتعرض له مستخدم الإنترنت يوميا، ولم يعد الأمر قاصرا على تلك المواقع الرسمية أو تلك المواقع التي تعبر عن مؤسسات إعلامية صار لها اتجاه محدد وموجه لا تحيد عنه.

ولابد من التأكيد على أن الاتجاه لتحويل الإنترنت لنمط قواعد بيانات يستند لسيرفرات ضخمة ورخيصة التكلفة، مع تطور الآليات الاقتصادية لاستثمار مثل هذا الوضع New Business Models قد جعل ثمة إمكانية لأي فرد أو جماعة بشرية أن يقوموا بنقل الأخبار والمعلومات التي يراد لها التعتيم، بل ويقدموها معززة بأدلة صوتية وفيديوية تكسبها المصداقية، وتصنع بمرور الأيام اسما تجاريا مشهورا Branding Name يكون له درجة عالية من المصداقية التي تزاحم مصداقية المؤسسات الإعلامية المهنية.

ولا شك في أن هذا يعني فيما يعني أيضا تحول المستقبل الإعلامي تاريخيا باتجاه الإنترنت باعتبارها الوسيلة التي تقدم منافذ إعلامية ذات قدرة على الاستمرار والصمود، مع ر&